ukhetho umgomo kanye nezinto ezibalulekile zomshini we-hydraulic

ukhetho umgomo kanye nezinto ezibalulekile zomshini we-hydraulic

(l) Ukhetho lwesisekelo kanye nezizathu: njengoba umshini we-hydraulic ungafani kakhulu nepompo ye-hydraulic enezakhiwo ezifanayo, umgomo wokukhetha nawo ufana. Kodwa kunezinto eziningi ezihlukile phakathi komshini we-hydraulic nepompo ye-hydraulic emsebenzini (itafula elingezansi). Ikakhulukazi uma kubhekwa ukuthi umsebenzi womshini we-hydraulic uwukuguqula amandla e-hydraulic abe amandla omshini ukuze uqhube yük ukuze ujike, i-torque yokukhipha (kuhlanganise ne-torque yokwethula) kanye nesivinini kuba yizici ezibaluleke kakhulu ekukhetheni umshini we-hydraulic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isisekelo noma izindaba okufanele zicatshangelwe ekukhetheni umshini we-hydraulic zifaka ukusebenza kahle, ukuzinza kwesivinini esiphansi, impilo yesevisi, ubukhulu bokulawula isivinini, umsindo, ifomu nosayizi wokuxhuma, isisindo, intengo, umthombo wezimpahla, ukuhamba kalula kokusebenzisa nokunakekelwa, njll.

Hydraulic pump na hydraulic motor 之间的区别

序列号	液压泵	液压马达
1	提供压力和流量，强调容积效率	产生转矩驱动负载，强调机械效率
2	通常在相对恒定的高转速条件下运转	大部分马达转速范围变化大，有的要求在很低的转速下运转
3	泵轴通常一个方向运转，但液流方向及压力有可能变化	液压马达大多要求正、反两方向运转，某些液压马达还要求能以泵的方式运转（泵工况），以达到制动负载的目的
4	在大部分系统中是连续运转的，工作液温度的变化相对很小	按工况，运转可能断续进行，将会遭到频繁的温度冲击
5	大部分液压泵与原动机安装在一起时，主轴不承受额外负载	许多液压马达直接装在车轮内或者与带轮、链轮或齿轮相连接时，有时主轴将承受较高的径向负载

(2) Kune mhando dzakawanda dzemamota ehydraulic ane hunhu hwakasiyana, saka tinofanira kusarudza mota yehydraulic inokodzera maererano nekushandiswa kwakatarwa uye mamiriro ekushanda. Ona tafura 1-18 yemamiriro akakodzera uye nzvimbo yekushandisa yemhando dzakasiyana dzemamota ehydraulic. Mota ine kumhanya kwakaderera kana kumhanya kwepamusoro yekukurumidza uye kudzikisa chishandiso chinogona kusarudzwa pakushanda kwekumhanya kwakaderera. Sarudzo yemaitiro maviri aya inofanira kuve pamutemo wezvivakwa uye mamiriro enzvimbo, mutengo wezvishandiso, uye kuti torque inotyaira inonzwisisika here.

(3) Ikuhlu lokukhetha isikhala (ukukhishwa) isikhala siyisici esiyinhloko sokucaciswa somshini we-hydraulic, futhi ukukhetha kusekelwe kakhulu ezicini zomthwalo osebenzayo zomshini.

The working load characteristics can be represented by the speed time cycle diagram (N-t diagram) and torque time cycle diagram (T-T diagram) through the working condition analysis (motion analysis and dynamic analysis) of the main engine (Fig. J). The load torque of the motor can be determined by calculation or test according to the working mechanism of the main engine and its technological purpose. From T-T diagram and N-t diagram, we can clearly understand the changes of load torque and load speed of the hydraulic motor in the whole working cycle from start-up to normal operation and to stop, that is, the peak load torque of the motor in actual operation and the load torque value of long-term continuous operation, as well as the related maximum load speed and load speed of long-term operation, so as to provide reference for calculation and confirmation Set the displacement specification of hydraulic motor to lay the foundation.

Befor die Auswahl der Verschiebung sollte der Referenzwert der nominalen Verschiebung gemäß den oben genannten Arbeitslastmerkmalen berechnet werden. Je nach Verwendung unterschiedlicher Schwerpunkte gibt es für den Referenzwert der nominalen Verschiebung des Hydraulikmotors die folgenden zwei Berechnungsmethoden.

① Uma ngesikhathi esiyinhloko somshini sihlose ukuhamba yük, inani lokubhekisela VG (ml / R) lingabalwa ngokuya ngokuqina kokulayisha okuphezulu Tmax (n · m), ingcindezi yokusebenza ekhethiwe P (MPA) [noma ingcindezi ehlukile △ P (MPA)] kanye nokusebenza kwemishini η m (η m = 0.90 ~ 0.95), okungukuthi

Vg≥（2πTmax）/pηm                   (1-45)

② Kana chinangwa chikuru chemota chiri kumhanya uye shanduko yayo, kukosha kwekureva VG (ml / R) kunogona kuverengerwa maererano nekumhanya kushoma Nmin (R / min), kuyerwa kwekupinza QV (L / min) uye kugadzirwa kwevolumetric kwemota η V (kunogona kusarudzwa maererano ne sampuli yechigadzirwa kana pakati pe η v = 0.85-0.9), kureva kuti, kumhanya kwemota kunogona kugadziriswa maererano nekumhanya kwemota.

Vg≥（1000qvηv）/nmin                   (1-46)

Ngokwe ukunyakaza okubalwe kanye nezibonelo zomkhiqizo, ukunyakaza okukhuluma kuqinisekiswa ngesisekelo sokuseduze.

(4) Ikuhlu lokubala ingcindezi yokusebenza yangempela (noma umehluko wengcindezi) kufanele kusekelwe kumphumela ophakeme we-torque kanye ne-torque yokusebenza eqhubekayo ukuze kubalwe ingcindezi ephakeme kanye nengcindezi yokusebenza eqhubekayo. Uma inani elibaliwe likwi- rangeli yepharamitha yokusebenza yemoto, ukukhetha ukuhamba kuyafaneleka. Ngokuvamile, ingcindezi yokusebenza yangempela eqhubekayo kufanele ibe phansi ngo-20% - 25% kunengcindezi yokuhlonza enconyiwe esampulini yomkhiqizo, ukuze kuthuthukiswe impilo yesevisi nokwethembeka kokusebenza. Lapho umphumela ophakeme we-torque uvela ngesikhathi sokuqala, ingcindezi ephezulu ingaba ngu-80% wengcindezi ephezulu enikeziwe esampulini, ukuze kube ne-20% yokugcina efanelekile.

(5) Ngemuva kokuthi ukunyakaza kanye nengcindezi yokusebenza yangempela kutholakele, amandla okukhishwa kwemoto angahlolwa ngokwezibalo zamandla.

(6) Uhlolo lwezimpilo noma ukubala ukuhlola ngemuva kokunquma imodeli kanye nespecification ye-motor, bheka idatha yesampula enikezwe umkhiqizi ukuze uhlola noma uhlole impilo engaba khona ye-hydraulic motor ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza zangempela, ukuze unqume ukuthi ukukhethwa okukhuluma ngenhla kungahlangabezana nezidingo zomshini omkhulu. Uma impilo yokusebenza inganele, kufanele kukhethwe imikhiqizo enezincazelo ezinkulu.

(7) Abanye

① I-motori ye-hydraulic ivame ukuvunyelwa ukuba isebenze ngaphantsi koxinzelelo lwe-20% - 50% lwezinga lokuxinzelela ngexesha elifutshane, kodwa uxinzelelo oluphakathi kokukhawuleza kunye nesantya esiphezulu asinakubakho ngaxeshanye. Uxinzelelo oluphindayo lwe-circuit yokubuyisela ioli ye-hydraulic lukhawulelwe kumgangatho othile. Xa uxinzelelo oluphindayo lukhulu, umphakamo weoli ophumayo kufuneka ubekwe.

② Ngokujwayelekile, i-torque ephezulu kanye nesivinini esiphezulu se-hydraulic motor akufanele kube khona ngesikhathi esisodwa. Isivinini sangempela akufanele sibe phansi kunesivinini esincane se-motor ukuze kugwenywe ukuhamba kancane. Uma isivinini esidingekayo ohlelweni siphansi, futhi isivinini se-motor, i-torque nezinye izinkomba zokusebenza azilula ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokusebenza, kungangezwa umshini wokwehlisa isivinini phakathi kwe-motor kanye nomphakeli wayo. Ukuze run kahle ngesivinini esiphansi kakhulu, uku leaking kwe-motor kumele kube okujwayelekile, kube ne-back pressure ethile ye-oli yokubuyisela kanye ne-viscosity ye-oli okungenani engu-35mm2gs. Uma i-motor idinga ukusebenza ngesivinini esiphansi, isivinini sayo esincane esizinzile kufanele sihlolwe.

③ Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuhamba komoya noma ukulahleka kwamandla okumisa kwemoto yokumisa esebenza njengompompi, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona ingcindezi eyanele yokwengeza uwoyela endaweni yokuthola uwoyela yemoto ngalesi sikhathi, okungafezwa ngompompi wokwengeza uwoyela emjikelezweni ovalekile noma ivali ye-back pressure emjikelezweni ovulekile; lapho imoto ye-hydraulic iqhuba yük enkulu ye-inertia, kufanele kubekwe ivali yokuhlola ye-bypass ehlangene nemoto ohlelweni lwe-hydraulic ukuze kwengezwe uwoyela ukuvimbela ukuvalwa Inqubo, imoto enokunyakaza kwe-inertia iyashoda nguwoyela.

④ Kuva yehydraulic motor eya ngaqondakali ukungaboni amandla e-axial ne-radial, noma i-hydraulic motor ingakwazi ukub تحمل amandla e-axial ne-radial, kodwa amandla e-axial ne-radial angempela yük greater than the allowable axial or radial forces ye-hydraulic motor, i-elastic coupling kufanele icatshangelwe ukuze ixhume i-motor output shaft kanye ne-working mechanism.

⑤ Kana motokari ichida nguva refu ichida kuvharwa kuti kudzivirira kufamba kwekurema, inofanira kushandiswa brake yemichina ine spring up brake uye hydraulic release brake pamotokari shaft (Fig. K).