Umqondo wokusebenza kwepompo ye-axial piston

Kwadalwa ngo 05.17

Axiale Kolbenpumpen Arbeitsprinzip 1

(l) Iphuzu lokusebenza kanye nezinto ezisemqoka ze-straight axis axial piston pump zikhonjiswa ku-Fig. B. ku-straight axis axial piston pump (ngokwakhiwa kwe-shaft), i-plunger 3 ifakwe ezikhungweni ze-plunger ezihlelwe kahle ku-cylinder block 4, futhi ikhanda le-plunger 3 lifakwe ne-slipper 2. Ngenxa yesistimu yokubuyisela (engakhonjiswa esithombeni), ingxenye engaphansi ye-slipper ihlale ibheke eduze nokuphuma kwe-swash plate 1. Umphetho we-swash plate unekhono lokuphakama γ uma kuqhathaniswa ne-plane ye-cylinder block (A-A plane). Lapho i-transmission shaft 6 iqhuba i-plunger ukuba ijikeleze ngokusebenzisa i-cylinder block, i-plunger yenza ukuhamba kwe-linear reciprocating ku-plunger hole. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhamba kwe-plunger kanye nokushintsha phakathi komgwaqo wokuthola uwoyela nomgwaqo wokucindezela uwoyela kufinyeleleke kahle, ipuleti le-port eliqinile 50 lifakwa phakathi kobuso be-port be-cylinder block nomgwaqo wokuthola uwoyela kanye nomgwaqo wokucindezela uwoyela we-pump, futhi iziteshi ezimbili ze-arc (ama-windows e-port anemigqa) zivulwa ku-port plate. Ubuso obuphambili be-valve plate buhlangana ngokucophelela nobuso be-cylinder block, futhi buhamba ngokuhlukile; kuyilapho ebusweni obungemuva be-valve plate, ama-windows amabili anemigqa kufanele axhume ngokuhambisana nomjikelezo wokuthola uwoyela kanye nomjikelezo wokucindezela uwoyela we-pump.

Wanneer die silinderblok in die rigting draai wat in Fig. B getoon word, begin die plunjer om van die boonste dooie punt (wat ooreenstem met die 0 ° posisie) uit te strek binne die reeks van 0 ° tot 180 ° en die volume van die plunjerholte neem voortdurend toe totdat die onderste dooie punt (wat ooreenstem met die 180 ° posisie) bereik word. In hierdie proses is die plunjerholte net gekoppel aan die olie suigvenster van kleibord 5, en die olie word voortdurend in die plunjerholte gesuig, wat die olie suigproses is. Met die voortdurende draai van die silinderblok, binne die reeks van 180 ° tot 360 °, begin die plunjer om van die onderste dooie punt terug te trek onder die beperking van die swashplate, en die volume van die plunjerholte neem voortdurend af totdat die boonste dooie punt bereik word. In hierdie proses is die plunjerholte net gekoppel aan die olie drukvenster van die poortplaat 5, en die olie word deur die olie drukvenster afgevoer, wat die olie drukproses is. Elke revolusie van die silinderblok, voer elke plunjer 'n halwe siklus olie suig en 'n halwe siklus olie druk uit. As die pistoonpomp deur die primêre beweger aangedryf word en voortdurend draai, kan dit voortdurend olie absorbeer en druk.

Ngokwe msebenzi we-piston pump ye-axial shaft eqondile, lezi zinto ezilandelayo kufanele zicatshangelwe.

① Variable problem Because the inclination angle between the swash plate and cylinder axis is γ, and the displacement of the pump is related to the inclination angle, when the inclination angle of the swash plate is not adjustable, it can be made into a quantitative pump. When the inclination angle of the swash plate is adjustable, it can change the length of the plunger stroke, thus changing the displacement of the pump, that is, to make a variable displacement pump, and change the direction of the inclination angle of the swash plate, it can change the direction of oil suction and pressure, that is, it becomes a two-way pump The variable pump.

Ithuba langaphandle kanye nesimo sokweseka se-swash plate kuthinta ngqo ithuba langaphandle kanye nesisindo se-pump yokuhamba okushintshashintshayo. Kukhona izakhiwo ezimbili ezijwayelekile ze-swash plate: uhlobo lwe-trunnion kanye nohlobo lwe-bracket: amandla aphendulayo R1 we-trunnion ye- former [Fig. C (a)] akude kakhulu nokuphumula kwezimoto F ye-plunger assembly. Ukuze kube nokwanele ukuvuma nokwakha, usayizi we-swash plate kufanele wandiswe, ngakho-ke isikhala esithathwa yi-swash plate ngesikhathi sokuhamba sikhula; ibanga phakathi kwamandla aphendulayo R1 we-trunnion ye- latter [Fig. C (b)] kanye namandla aphelele F ye-plunger assembly angaklanywa abe ncane kakhulu. Eminyakeni yamuva, inkinga yokwakheka kwe-swash plate ngokuyisisekelo ayikho, ngasikhathi sinye, isimo siphinde sincishiswe, ngakho-ke isikhala esithathwa ngesikhathi sokuhamba sincishiswa, kunciphisa kakhulu isisindo se-pump.

② There are three pairs of typical friction pairs in friction pair axial piston pump: plunger head and swash plate; plunger and cylinder bore; port plate and cylinder face. As the key parts of these friction pairs are in the high relative speed and high contact pressure friction conditions, the friction and wear directly affect the volumetric efficiency, mechanical efficiency, working pressure and service life of the pump.

③ The contact form of plunger and swash plate there are two kinds of contact form between plunger head and swash plate of straight axis axial piston pump: point contact and face contact. The structure of the ball head point contact axial piston pump is simple, but when the pump is working, the contact point between the piston head and swash plate is subject to great extrusion pressure. For example, when the diameter of the plunger d = 20 mm, the inclination angle of the swash plate γ = 20 ° and the working pressure P = 32 MPa, the extrusion force produced by the plunger head can reach f = 10.7 kn. In order to reduce the extrusion force, the piston diameter D and the pump working pressure P must be limited, so the point contact axial piston pump can not be used in high pressure and large flow situation. For this reason, the surface contact piston pump appeared and was widely used in most swash plate axial piston pump products.

如图D所示，表面接触柱塞泵通常在柱塞6的球头上配备滑块（也称为滑块）2，缸孔中的压力油可以通过柱塞与滑块之间的小孔流入滑块油腔，在滑块与摆盘的接触面之间形成静水推力支撑，从而使柱塞与摆盘之间的润滑表面接触，极大地减少了柱塞与摆盘之间的磨损和摩擦损失，从而显著提高了泵的工作压力。但其结构也较为复杂。如图D所示，大多数球窝滑块和柱塞球头通过滚动和球包裹工艺铰接。此外，还有一个连杆滑块[图e（a）]，其基本上与球窝滑块相同，但在滑块1上制作球头，使柱插入缸孔更深，从而提高连接部分的强度和抗污染能力。在摆盘一端的支撑面上制作了几个同心槽3，以形成辅助支撑面，从而降低接触特定压力；图e（b）显示了一个预加载装置，可以避免在初始状态（如停机）时大颗粒污染物进入球铰接的接合面，并提高抗污染能力。

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